Nursing Essays Weaning Patient Ventilation

Nursing Essays Weaning Patient Ventilation Weaning Patient Ventilation Introduction The indications of mechanical ventilation are many. The main idea is patients are put to artificial ventilation to satisfy their bodies demand for oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide, since they cannot do this by themselves. Mechanical ventilation may be noninvasive through nasal or face masks or invasive through a tracheotomy tube. The time spent on mechanical ventilation varies. It may be few hours as in cases of heart failure or obstructive airway disease. It may be for longer time as in cases of head injury or premature babies. Other patients may stay on artificial ventilation for unknown time as those in comas or with neurological condition where there is paralysis of the respiratory muscles. Being an aided respiration, so weaning and returning to the normal way of respiration has to be tried. However, the question remains when to wean and how to wean (Pruitt, 2006). When to wean a patient from a ventilator Frutos-Vivar and Esteban (2003) suggested an evidence-based weaning protocol on three steps. In step 1, on treatment follow up and daily assessment, when the patient’s condition improves, there are certain criteria to look for to start the process of weaning. These criteria are A) PO2/FIO2 (fraction of inspired oxygen) is 150-300. B) When positive end expiratory pressure is equal to or less than 5 cm/H2O and C) patient is awake with stable cardiovascular condition. D) Body temperature is less than 38 degrees C and hemoglobin is at 10 g/dl or more. You can get expert help with your essays right now. Find out more The second step is to give the patient a trial of short period for 30 minutes of spontaneous respiration using either a T-tube or a pressure support ventilation of 7cm/H2O. The criteria for trial success are both objective and subjective. Objective criteria are A) gas exchange criteria of SaO2 greater than 90 percent or PaO2 greater than 60 percent with Fio2 less than 0.4-0.5 and increase in PCO2 less than 10 mm Hg or decrease in pH less than 0.1. B) Heart rate should be less than 140 a minute or increased by less than 20 percent from baseline with systolic blood pressure higher than 80-160 mm Hg or change less than 20 percent from baseline. Subjective signs include no extra work of respiratory or accessory respiratory muscles and absent signs of distress as agitation and increased sweating. If the trial succeeds, in other words the patient shows good tolerance to spontaneous respiration, the attending staff can wean the patient. If, on the other hand, the patient shows poor tolerance, the trial is to be repeated every 24 hours until good tolerance occurs, this is known as gradual weaning (Frutos-Vivar and Esteban, 2003). How to wean a patient from mechanical ventilation Weaning can be either gradual as discussed earlier or rapid. Rapid weaning is indicated in cases with no pulmonary or neurological disorders that mandate mechanical weaning. This is best illustrated in cases of postoperative indication as advised by the anesthetic consultant (Pruitt, 2006). Pruitt, 2006 suggested a 12-point protocol for rapid weaning. First, the ventilator settings are those ordered by the anesthetic consultant, 2) get arterial blood gases every 20 minutes, and always compare the results with readings of pulse oximetry and end tidal CO2 values. 3) The patient observation sheet should include A- level of consciousness, B- temperature, and hemoglobin level. C- Gas exchange criteria and respiratory rate. All values discussed before apply for the timing of rapid weaning with slight variations among medical centers. 4) Decrease intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) rate by two breaths/minute when the patient is awake and alert, responding appropriately, and assisting the ventilator. The patient SpO2 is greater than 92%, ETCO2 (end tidal CO2) is less than 40 mm Hg, and hemodynamic values are acceptable. Acceptable hemodynamic values are heart rate less than 120 a minute with no serious arrhythmias. 5) Blood pressure is greater than 100 mm Hg systolic. In open-heart surgery, cardiac index, greater than two liters/minute/m2 without intraaortic balloon pump therapy, and chest tube drainage less than 100 ml/hour. If the patient is stable 15 to 30 minutes after the IMV rate is changed, continue decreasing the IMV rate by two breaths a minute every 15 to 30 minutes. Continue as long as the patient’s SpO2 stays above 92%, his ETCO2 is less than 40 mm Hg, and hemodynamic values are acceptable. Stop when the IMV rate equals two breaths a minute. 6) adjust the FIO2 to 0.4 in increments of 0.05 to 0.1 as long as the patient’s SpO2 is above 92%. 7) If the patient is receiving positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of more than five cm H2O, decrease PEEP by five cm H2O every 30 minutes until PEEP is equal to five cm H2O, as long as the patient SpO2 is above 92%. Get help with your essay from our expert essay writers 8) Get an arterial blood gas analysis as needed and report the anesthesia consultant if the patient SpO2 falls below 92% or ETCO2 rises above 40 mm Hg or if he shows any signs of agitation or distress. 9) Discontinue weaning if the patient cannot maintain acceptable hemodynamic, neurological, or respiratory parameters. Return to previous ventilator settings and notify the anesthetist. 10) When the IMV rate equals two breaths a minute, get an arterial blood gas analysis, and correlate the results with the patient’s SpO2 and ETCO2 values. Get pulmonary function tests; the patient’s tidal volume should be greater than 5 cc/kg, spontaneous respiratory rate between 8 and 30 breaths/minute, vital capacity greater than 15 cc/kg, minute ventilation less than 10 liters/minute, and maximal inspiratory pressure less than -20 cm H2O. If readiness to wean criteria, haemodynamic, and lung mechanics criteria are met, place the patient on a T-tube at the current FIO2 and perform a spontaneous breathing trial. 11) Get an arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis if the patient tolerates the spontaneous breathing trial for 30 minutes (as evidenced by the patient ability to stay on the T-piece with acceptable neurological, hemodynamic, and respiratory parameters). 12) If the ABG results are in the acceptable criteria range, the patient will be extubated. Place the patient on supplemental oxygen at 5 to 6 liters/minute via nasal cannula (passive ventilation) to keep his Spo2 over 92%. References Pruitt, B. (2006). Weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. Nursing, 36 (9), 36-41. Frutos-Vivar, F. and Esteban, A (2003). When to wean from a ventilator: An evidence-based strategy. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 70 (5), 389-400.

Health Effects from Cell Phone Tower Radiation Essay

The safety of cell phone towers is the subject of extensive scientific debate. There is a growing body of scientific evidence that the electromagnetic radiation they emit, even at low levels, is dangerous to human health. The cell phone industry is expanding quickly, with over 100,000 cell phone towers now up across the U. S. , which is expected to increase ten-fold over the next five years. The industry has set what they say are â€Å"safe levels† of radiation exposure, but there are a growing number of doctors, physicists, and health officials who strongly disagree, and foresee a public health crisis. Many towers have been built recently in Siskiyou Colorado, with dozens more planned, as telecommunications companies rush to corner markets in this fast-growing industry. These towers emit radio frequencies (RF), a form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR), for a distance of up to 2-1/2 miles. They are essentially the same frequency radiation as microwaves in a microwave oven. Studies have shown that even at low levels of this radiation, there is evidence of damage to cell tissue and DNA, and it has been linked to brain tumors, cancer, suppressed immune function, depression, miscarriage, Alzheimer’s disease, and numerous other serious illnesses. [1] Children are at the greatest risk, due to their thinner skulls, and rapid rate of growth. Also at greater risk are the elderly, the frail, and pregnant women. Doctors from the United Kingdom have issued warnings urging children under 16 not to use cell phones, to reduce their exposure to radio frequency (RF) radiation. Over 100 physicians and scientists at Harvard and Boston University Schools of Public Health have called cellular towers a radiation hazard. And, 33 delegate physicians from 7 countries have declared cell phone towers a â€Å"public health emergency†. The U. S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is in charge of setting the standards of exposure for the public, and claims that, based on scientific studies, the current levels are safe. But it is not a public health agency, and has been criticized as being â€Å"an arm of the industry†. Many who work for the FCC are either past, present or future employees of the very industries they are supposed to regulate. With an explosively emergent $40 billion dollar a year industry at stake, critics have stated â€Å"you can bet that their studies are going to show whatever they want them to show†. â€Å"Our federal government also once told us that asbestos, cigarettes, thalidomide, and the blood supply were â€Å"safe†, but which were later found to be harmful. â€Å"You can bet that their studies are going to show whatever they want them to show. – Cathy Bergman-Veniza, at Vermont Law School Environmental Law Center Conference, 1996 The current U. S. standard for radiation exposure from cell phone towers is 580-1,000 microwatts per sq. cm. (mW/cm2), among the least protective in the world. More progressive European countries have set standards 100 to 1,000 times lower than the U. S. Compare Australia at 200 microwatts, Russia, Italy, and Toronto, Can ada at 10, China at 6, and Switzerland, at 4. In Salzburg, Austria the level is . 1 microwatts (pulsed), 10,000 times less than the U. S.  New Zealand has proposed yet more stringent levels, at . 02 microwatts, 50,000 times more protective than the U. S. Standard. [3, 4] Contrary to what the communications industry tells us, there is vast scientific, epidemiological and medical evidence that confirms that exposure to the RF and microwave radiation emitted from cell towers, even at low levels, can have profound adverse effects on biological systems. [5, 6, 7, 8]. There is vast scientific and medical evidence that exposure to cell tower radiation, even at low levels, can have profound adverse effects on biological systems. Scientists and advocacy groups say that the current FCC â€Å"safe† standards are based on 1985 research, and fail to consider more recent research that found brain cancer, memory impairment, DNA breakdown, and neurological problems with RF at much lower levels. The earlier studies considered only the â€Å"thermal†, or heating effects of the radiation – in other words, the level at which the radiation would heat tissue, or â€Å"cook† a person, in the same exact manner that a microwave oven works. The FCC levels may ensure our tissues are not â€Å"cooked†, but they fail to address long-term chronic exposure at low levels, or what is called â€Å"non-thermal† effects. Doctors say that RF radiation is wreaking havoc with normal biological cell functions. â€Å"RF alters tissue physiology†says Dr. George Carlo, an epidemiologist who found genetic damage in a $28 million research program, paid for by the industry. He now fights to have safety levels lowered. [9] In 1998 the Vienna Resolution, signed by 16 of the world’s leading ioelectromagnetic researchers, provided a consensus statement that there is scientific agreement that biological effects from low intensity RF exposure are established. It says existing scientific knowledge is inadequate to set reliable exposure standards. No safe exposure level can be established at this time. The world’s leading electromagnetic researchers say existing scientific knowledge is inadequate to set reliable exposure standards. – The Vienna Resolution, 1998 The Salzburg Resolution, adopted in 2000 at the International Conference on Cell Tower Siting, would prohibit any cell site from emanating more than . mW/cm2 – 10,000 times more strict than the current U. S. standard. This limit takes into account the growing evidence for non-thermal RF bioeffects. [10] Cell phone towers expose the public to involuntary, chronic, cumulative Radio Frequency Radiation. Low levels of RFR have been shown to be associated with changes in cell proliferation and DNA damage. Some scientific studies show adverse health effects reported in the . 01 to 100 mW/cm2 range at levels hundreds, indeed, thousands, of times lower than the U. S. standards. These harmful low levels of radiation can reach as far as a mile away from the cell tower location. Reported health problems include headache, sleep disorders, memory impairment, nosebleeds, an increase in seizures, blood brain barrier leakage problems, increased heart rates, lower sperm counts, and impaired nervous systems. [ 11 ] Long term and cumulative exposure to cell tower radiation has no precedent in history. There are no conclusive studies on the safety of such exposures, and the growing body of scientific evidencereports such bioeffects and adverse health effects are possible, if not probable. Dr. Neil Cherry, Ph. D. biophysicist from New Zealand, reports that â€Å"There is no safe level of EMR radiation. †He said the standards are based on thermal effects, but important non-thermal effects also take place, such as cell death and DNA breakdown. Dr. Cherry wrote a 120-page review of 188 scientific studies. â€Å"The electromagnetic radiation causes cells to change in a way that makes them cancer forming. † It can increase the risk of cancer two to five times, he said. â€Å"To claim there is no adverse effect from phone towers flies in the face of a large body of evidence. â€Å"To claim there is no adverse effect from phone towers flies in the face of a large body of evidence. † – Dr. Neil Cherry, biophysicist Public health officials caution that we err on the side of conservatism, given the massive public health risk that is possible. Other federal health agencies disagree that safe levels of exposure have been identified, much less built into the FCC standard. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) does not agree with the FCC standards, and analysts have recommended that EMR be classified as a â€Å"probable human carcinogen†. 12] Deputy Director of the Department of Health and Human Services, Elizabeth Jacobsen, has stated that the safety of RF â€Å"has not been established nor has the necessary research been conducted to test it†, and cites risk of brain cancer, tumors and DNA breakdown. The California Public Utility Commission has urged the cell phone industry to not locate towers near schools or hospitals. And the World Health Organization reports â€Å"many epidemiological studies have addressed possible links between exposure to RF fields and excess risk of cancer. These studies do not provide enough information to allow a proper evaluation of human cancer risk from RF exposure because the results of these studies are inconsistent. † â€Å"The safety of RF has not been established, nor has the necessary research been conducted to test it. † – Elizabeth Jacobsen, Deputy Director, US Department of Health â€Å"Our bodies are exquisitely sensitive to subtle electromagnetic harmonics, and we depend upon tiny electrical impulses to conduct complex life processes,† says Dr. Robert Becker, author of The Body Electric, and Cross Currents, The Perils of Electropollution. He says â€Å"at the present the greatest polluting element in the earth’s environment is the proliferation of (these) electromagnetic fields. † Radiation once considered safe, he says, is now correlated with increases in birth defects, depression, Alzheimer’s disease, learning disabilities, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and cancer. The incidence of brain cancer is up 25% since 1973, and this year 185,000 Americans will be diagnosed with brain cancer. Brain tumors are the second leading cause of cancer death for children and young adults. Yet, the United States has a de facto policy of â€Å"post sales surveillance† with respect to RF radiation. Only after years of exposure, will there be studies to characterize the health consequences. Some adverse health effects show up immediately, but it can often take 3 to 10 years for the longer term effects of RF illness to appear, such as cancer. Many researchers, public health officials and citizens believe that consumers shouldn’t be forced to act as guinea pigs in a bioeffects experiment for the next 20 years. In short, â€Å"we are the experiment†, for health effects. Dr. Gerard Hyland, physicist, says existing safety guidelines for cell phone towers are completely inadequate, since they focus only on the thermal effects of exposure. [15] Hyland, twice nominated for the Nobel Prize in Medicine, says existing safety guidelines â€Å"afford no protection† against the non- thermal influences. â€Å"Quite justifiably, the public remains skeptical of attempts by governments and industry to reassure them that all is well, particularly given the unethical way in which they often operate symbiotically so as to promote their own vested interests. † â€Å"Existing safety guidelines for cell phone towers are completely inadequate. – Dr. Gerard Hyland, Physicist – two-time nominee, Nobel Prize in Medicine The industry lobbied Congress with $39 million in 1996 to ensure passage of a law which essentially gives them the right to place these towers in our neighborhoods, and makes it next to impossible to oppose them based on health reasons. It is no coincidence that EPA funding was also cut in 1996 for electromagnetic radiation health studies. Citizens and communities across the country are angered, and are protesting this imposition of involuntary, 24-hour-a-day microwave exposure, without proven safety levels. As one citizen stated, â€Å"There’s no place left to escape. † The industry lobbied Congress with $39 million in 1996 to pass a law that took away citizen’s rights to oppose cell towers based on health reasons. Also, once a cell tower is erected, it has proved very difficult to verify the radiation is within legal limits. There are no safety measures in place to ensure that the towers are not emitting higher radiation levels than legally allowed. One frustrated resident finally spent $7,000 purchasing his own equipment to test a cell phone tower near his home, and found it emitting radiation at levels 250% ver the legal limit. [16] Property values have also been known to drop once a cell tower is erected, due to the perceived risk of negative health effects. Cellular phone frequencies have also seriously disrupted local emergency and law enforcement radio communications. Massachusetts lawyer Mark Berthiaume, opposing placement of a cell phone tower, said â€Å"Municipalities.. .. are being bullied every day by providers of wireless telephone service who use their financial clout and the federal (law) to intimidate the communities into allowing them to place large towers in inappropriate locations. [17] Some Questions and Answers But don’t we need and depend on cell phones? Of course. No one is saying not to have cell phones and towers, but to make them safer. If Austria can have levels 10,000 times more protective, then so can we. It is just more expensive to the companies. Also, we don’t have to let these cell towers go anywhere and everywhere the industry wants them. We can require that they erect the minimum number required to provide adequate coverage, and be put in the safest places possible. Why don’t we just oppose the construction of cell towers in our county? In a strategic move, the cell phone industry has tried to make it illegal for citizens to oppose the towers based on health concerns. In the Telecommunications Act of 1996, state and local rights were seriously limited with regard to opposing towers based on health concerns. The constitutionality of this Act has been challenged in the Supreme Court, and a long legal battle is sure to follow. But it will take years, while the public continues to be exposed to chronic, cumulative radiation with each new cell tower. So what CAN we do? The Telecommunications Act prevents citizens from opposing the towers based on concerns about RF emissions, but we can oppose them on numerous other valid grounds. There are still rights we and our local elected officials maintain, that allow us local control of the number, size and placement of cell towers, while still providing for adequate cell phone coverage. Numerous communities have called for moratoriums on tower construction, allowing them needed time to study the issue, and enact strict ordinances that require the industry to respect community desires, such as building the minimum towers necessary, in appropriate locations. During these moratoriums, communities are preparing non-industry biased studies of cell phone tower need, and creating cell tower Master Plans, to help protect the rights and health of citizens, while complying with the law. [18, 19, 20] Siting of cellular towers is an important function of our elected officials. Protection of citizens’ health and property rights should be foremost in the responsibilities of local government. We urge our elected officials to protect the health and welfare of the citizens who live here, rather than big-money interests with profit as their bottom line.

Isolation In Of Mice And Men - 1092 Words

Egbu 1 While reading and evaluating Of Mice and Men (1937) by the famed novelist John Steinbeck, the several relationships in the story reveal both true, authentic friendship, as well as the opposite, sad, desperate degrees of loneliness and plummeting isolation. Similar to the people that we come across in our lives, a handful of the characters in Of Mice and Men portray false faces of contentment, yet in actuality, they are alone and caught feeling stuck and empty on the inside. On the other hand, there are numerous representations of sincere friendships that seem as if they could last a lifetime. There are also episodes of different characters being vulnerable and straightforward with each other in a frantic attempt to have someone†¦show more content†¦She even claims that she â€Å"don’ like Curley† and â€Å"he ain’t a nice fella† (86). It is not until this part of the novel that she lets this emotion known publicly, admitting this to Lennie while they were alone (86). Curley’s wife only married Curley in order to get away from her mother, who was accused by Curley’s wife of sabotaging her career as an actress. So, in the end, Curley’s wife does not have her mother, her aspiring career in theater, or a loving husband. The other ranchers are also stuck in an inconspicuous cycle of loneliness with each other. They all just want to have a genuine relationship with someone, no matter who he/she is. So many people in Of Mice and Men are lonesome, wanting a good friend to spend their time with. Aside from the plenty illustrations of isolation, seclusion, and loneliness shown in the characters in Of Mice and Men, the natural, truthful relationships throughout the book can not afford to be forgotten about. Lennie and George share an unusual, odd friendship that almost looks as if they are not friends at all. Though it is not how a conventional friendship may seem to other people, it makes sense to George and Lennie. George and Lennie share a relationship that is quite similar to the same relationship that a dog shares with its master. George tells, basically commanding, Lennie to do something (like not talking), and Lennie listens and â€Å"obeys† without question. If George tells Lennie not toShow MoreRelatedOf Mice And Men Isolation1219 Words   |  5 Pages Isolation, or loneliness, is a prevalent feeling shared by many individuals in societies of older generations and future generations. It is commonly misunderstood that every individual has someone to talk to, someone to express themselves to, however, that is a misconception. There are many who suffer from the pain that isolation brings forth. In addition, there are several divisions in society that cause an emptiness in certain individuals. In society, categories such as race, gender, age, andRead MoreLoneliness Isolation in of Mice and Men862 Words   |  4 PagesAn idea I found interesting in the novel ‘Of Mice And Men,’ by John Steinbeck was loneliness and isolation. I found this idea interesting because it helped me understand how important it is to be surrounded by people. George and Lennie’s friendship contrasts this idea as they are friends and they have each other, whereas most of the other ranch workers travel alone. The idea of loneliness was strongl y conveyed through the characters Crooks and Curley’s wife, they are both key examples of lonely andRead MoreOf Mice And Men Isolation Analysis871 Words   |  4 PagesDetrimental Isolation in the book â€Å"Of Mice and Men† Letting yourself feel lonely and become isolated can be a very destructive decision; some might say it’d even be fatal. In many instances, each of the characters in the book Of Mice And Men display some feeling or sign of real isolation. One character by the name of Curley’s wife made early on decisions which left her surrounded by demeaning men until her last days, and another character named George was given the lifelong responsibility as theRead MoreOf Mice And Men Isolation Analysis759 Words   |  4 Pages Of Mice and Men: Isolation Mental Illness, Isolation, and Loneliness. These things connect and are key aspects in John Steinbecks novel, Of Mice and Men. This story takes you through life on a ranch in the 1930s and how separated the people are from the aspect of work, and the social norms. There is Candy, an old man whose age affects his importance in the ranch, Curleys wife, a woman whose social interactions are limited by a man who wont talk to her either, and Crooks, a colored man who isRead MoreTheme Of Isolation Of Mice And Men868 Words   |  4 PagesIsolation â€Å"A guy needs somebody—to be near him. A guy goes nuts if he ain’t got nobody,† says one of the characters in the story (Pg. 72). Loneliness and isolation are two of the main themes in John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. Throughout this story, it is clearly shown that even if someone is in a crowd, it does not mean that they feel included. In fact, it is even easier to feel excluded by the cause of discrimination, racial hate, and fear. Although countless characters in this book tryRead MoreLoneliness and Isolation in of Mice and Men2463 Words   |  10 PagesLoneliness In Of Mice And Men ‘Of mice and men’ is a tale of loneliness and hardship felt by the people living in America during the 1930 s. Written by John Steinbeck and published in 1937, it tells the heartbreaking story of two ranch workers during the depression; George Milton and Lennie Small. At the time America was very poor, with a shortage of jobs so people had to travel in search of new jobs. As many people were constantly moving, lasting friendships or relationships were hard to comeRead MoreAn Exploration of Disability and Isolation in Of Mice and Men862 Words   |  4 Pages and, worst of all, robbed of necessary human companionship. John Steinbeck captures the hopelessness of Depression-era farm life in his novella Of Mice and Men. Throughout the novella, most characters have a disability crippling them and pushing them away from other workers on the farm. Their disabilities are a physical embodiment of their isolation. Steinbeck uses his disabled characters to illustrate the depth of their loneliness, as well as to exemplify different types of loneliness. Candy,Read MoreIsolation And Of Mice And Men By James Joyce2480 Words   |  10 PagesExplore the ways in which the theme of isolation is presented in Dubliners and Of Mice and Men. Isolation - a complete, or near-complete lack of contact with people or society. People can either ostracise you, deliberately shunning you out, which is mainly the type which can be found in the books which we have studied, or it can be very accidental. From The Dubliners, a collection of short stories, I have selected two that I feel can be related to themes of isolation and withdrawal: First, The Dead, writtenRead MoreThe Great Depression Isolation In Steinbecks Of Mice And Men1547 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Depression isolation â€Å" A guy needs somebody- to be near him.† He whined, â€Å" A guy goes nuts if he ain t got nobody. Don’t make no difference who the guy is, long’s he’s with you† (Steinbeck 72). In the 1930s through the Great Depression, many people struggled to survive. They often became poor and fought with financial aid along with isolation. In the story â€Å"Of Mice And Men†, Steinbeck has many of the characters experience a form of isolation. Whether it is power, segregation, or discriminationRead MoreJohn Steinbecks Presentation of the Themes of Isolation and in Of Mice and Men1518 Words   |  6 PagesGeorge and Lennie Steinbeck’s uses of language and setting to highlight the isolation of experienced ranch workers like George Milton and Lennie Small. â€Å"On the sand-banks the rabbits sat as quietly as little grey sculptured stones.† â€Å"And then from that direction of the state highway came the sound of sycamore leaves. The rabbits hurried noiselessly to cover.† Above I have quoted a portion of what I think is isolation, George Milton and Lennie Small are in an isolated area here, when he says â€Å"and

Connections through Experiences - 557 Words

Light during the day, darkness at night, growth and development, as well as death at the very end of one’s life are all experiences that most human beings will see in their lifetime. Death is one of the most common fears throughout our species. Society has developed medicines, advanced medical procedures, and routines to further one’s health and lifespan all to escape death. When faced with genocide and concentration camps, the Jewish community in various European countries, held on to any hope they could scrounge up despite Nazi Germany’s attempt to diminish all rays of hope. Separating families, taking away basic rights, killing the old, young, sick, and disabled are just the first steps taken by the Nazi’s to confiscate hope from the Jews. Some within the Jewish community saw this as the ultimate test of faith to God, while others saw this as a severe punishment from God himself. Elie’s contemplation and struggles with his religious views are jus t one example of the variety of perception changes throughout the Jewish community during and after this tragedy. As a nineteen year old female who identifies as a Christian, although Elis’s journey and relationship with God is much different than mine, I can relate to Mr. Wiesel in his struggle with doubt and uncertainty of God’s intentions. I battled severe depression in eighth grade, which is becoming much more common nowadays in young girls desperate to find their place amongst society. I wasn’t extremely religious in thoseShow MoreRelatedIn Hume’S Writings, The Treatise And Enquiry, He Makes1332 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"based on speculation and invention rather than experience and observation† (4 Stanford). Additionally, Hume was an advocate for natural philosophy, arguing that it wasn’t as speculative as the philosophy of the ancients. In Hume’s Enquiry, he discusses the origin of ideas, claiming that our simple ideas are der ived from simple impressions, and distinguishing ideas from impressions (Hume, find quote). Hume defines impressions as what we perceive through the senses, love, hate, desire, or feel, and ideasRead MoreExplore How Perceptions of Belonging or Not Belonging Are Influenced by Connections to Places.1735 Words   |  7 PagesA connection to a physical location may present us with the perception that we either belong or not belong however, it is the connections that we form with people in places, memories of previous places and ones response to experiences within places that heightens ones sense of belonging or alienation. 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Throughout college you have exper iences and classes that prepare you for the rest of your life and the career path you want to follow this is something major you might miss out on if you go straight into the workforce. Not only do you miss out on all of these experiences and connections education is a major part of everyones it effectsRead More A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning by John Donne Essay569 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning,† by John Donne explores love through the ideas of assurance and separation. Donne uses vivid imagery to impart his moral themes on his audience. A truer, more refined love, Donne explains comes from a connection at the mind, the joining of two souls as one. Physical presence is irrelevant if a true marriage of the minds has occurred, joining a pair of lovers’ souls eternally. 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